1
U.S.
How Maps Helped Republicans Keep an Edge in the House
Democrats and Republicans alike use legislative redistricting to keep and gain power, but it played especially well to Republican interests in this year’s elections.In the process of setting electoral districts, gerrymandering is a practice that attempts to establish a political advantage for a particular party or group by manipulating geographic boundaries to create partisan or incumbent-protected districts. The resulting district is known as a gerrymander (/ˈɡɛrimændÉ™r/, alt. /ˈdÊ’É›riËŒmændÉ™r/); however, that word can also refer to the process.
Gerrymandering may be used to achieve desired electoral results for a particular party, or may be used to help or hinder a particular demographic, such as a political, ethnic, racial, linguistic, religious, or class group.
When used to allege that a given party is gaining disproportionate power, the term gerrymandering has negative connotations. However, a gerrymander may also be used for purposes that some perceive as positive, such as in US federal voting district boundaries that produce a majority of constituents representative of African-American or other racial minorities (these are thus called "majority-minority districts").
Contents
- 1 Difference from malapportionment
- 2 Etymology
- 3 Voting systems
- 4 Packing and cracking
- 5 Effect
- 6 Effects of gerrymandering
- 7 Changes to achieve competitive elections
- 8 Use of databases and computer technology
- 9 National examples of gerrymandering
- 10 Related terms
- 11 See also
- 12 References
- 13 External links
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